Dodržování hygieny rukou v nemocničním prostředí - dotazníkový průzkum zaměřený na zjištění compliance v používání rukavic

Úvod: Hygiena rukou je považována za jedno z nejdůležitějších a nejúčinnějších opatření v prevenci a kontrole šíření infekcí. Hraje také zásadní roli při snižování výskytu infekcí spojených se zdravotní péčí. Hlavním cílem je posoudit dodržování hygieny rukou - se zvláštním zaměřením v používání rukavic při poskytování péče v lůžkových zařízeních. Metody: Průřezový dotazníkový průzkum dodržování standardů bezpečné zdravotní péče v lůžkových zařízeních na území České republiky v roce 2018 před pandemií COVID-19. Osloveno bylo celkem 80 lůžkových poskytovatelů zdravotních služeb v České republice. Odpovědi byly hodnoceny na 6stupňové škále od "vždy" (100 bodů) do "nikdy" (0 bodů). Analýza dat byla provedena pomocí IBM SPSS Statistics verze 22. Výsledky: Dotazník vyplnilo 2 049 zdravotnických pracovníků z 80 oslovených lůžkových zdravotnických zařízení na území České republiky. Respondenti byli rozděleni dle medicínského oboru. Respondenti pracovali v interních oborech (43 %), chirurgických oborech (28 %), na psychiatrii (14 %), v zařízeních dlouhodobé lůžkové péče (9 %) a v ostatních nezařazených oborech (6 %). Závěr: Předkládaná studie ověřila dobrou úroveň v dodržování hygienických standardů u poskytovatelů lůžkové péče v České republice. Identifikovány byly rozdíly v metodickém opatření pro hygienu rukou v České republice a mezinárodních doporučených postupech, které jsou podloženy vysokou úrovní vědeckých důkazů. Vhodným opatřením by bylo zavést národně akceptované klinické doporučené postupy s přesně vymezenou úrovní důkazů.Alternate :Introduction: Hand hygiene is considered one of the most important and effective measures for infection prevention and control. It also plays a vital role in reducing healthcare-associated/acquired infections. The main goal is to assess hand hygiene compliance - with a special focus on using gloves when providing care in inpatient settings. Methods: A cross-sectional survey on compliance with hand hygiene was conducted in health care facilities in the Czech Republic in 2018 before the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were from 80 inpatient health care providers in the Czech Republic. Responses were scored on a 6-level scale, from "always" (100 points) to "never" (0 points). Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22. Results: The questionnaire was filled in by 2,049 health care personnel from 80 inpatient health care facilities in the Czech Republic. Respondents were further divided according to the medical specialty. Respondents worked in the field of internal medicine (43%), surgical fields (28%), psychiatry (14%), long-term care facilities (9%), and other non-classified fields (6%). Conclusions: The presented study verified the good level of declared compliance with hygiene standards in inpatient healthcare providers in the Czech Republic. Significant differences were found between the observed hand hygiene measures established in the Czech Republic and international best practices based on a high scientific evidence level. An appropriate measure would be to establish national clinical best practices based on convincing scientific evidence at the national level.

How the COVID-19 pandemic influences the prevalence of pressure injuries in the Czech Republic: A nationwide analysis of a health registry in 2020.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 significantly influences the overall patient status and, in severe symptomatology, the ability to move and the low oxygenation of the tissue for the ventilated patient in Intensive Care Units (ICU). There is a higher risk for Pressure injuries (PIs) development. OBJECTIVES: The nationwide analyses of the National health register aimed to compare the prevalence of PIs reported before the pandemic COVID-19 started and during the pandemic in 2020. METHOD: A retrospective, nationwide cross-sectional analysis of data regarding the STROBE checklist collected by the National Health Information System (NHIS), focusing on the PIs reporting based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) diagnoses L89.0-L89.9 for PIs in 2020. The data from the pandemic period of COVID-19 in 2020 were compared to the prevalence of PI cases in the period 2010-2019 in the Czech Republic in all hospitalized patients. RESULTS: The total number of admissions for L89 in 2020 was 14,441, of which 1509 (10.4%) also had COVID-19. In the ICU were 4386 admissions, 12.1% of which also had COVID-19. A higher proportion of PIs is observed in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 than in patients without COVID-19 (2.62% vs 0.81%, respectively 1.05% vs 0.46% when standardized to the 2013 ESP = European Standard Population). In patients hospitalized in ICU, 3.68% with COVID-19 had PIs vs 1.42% without COVID-19 had PIs (1.97% vs 0.81% using the 2013 ESP). CONCLUSION: The national health registers analyses have proven that the prevalence of PIs was higher among patients hospitalized with the SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Sharing datasets of the COVID-19 epidemic in the Czech Republic.

At the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, providing access to data (properly optimised regarding personal data protection) plays a crucial role in providing the general public and media with up-to-date information. Open datasets also represent one of the means for evaluation of the pandemic on a global level. The primary aim of this paper is to describe the methodological and technical framework for publishing datasets describing characteristics related to the COVID-19 epidemic in the Czech Republic (epidemiology, hospital-based care, vaccination), including the use of these datasets in practice. Practical aspects and experience with data sharing are discussed. As a reaction to the epidemic situation, a new portal COVID-19: Current Situation in the Czech Republic (https://onemocneni-aktualne.mzcr.cz/covid-19) was developed and launched in March 2020 to provide a fully-fledged and trustworthy source of information for the public and media. The portal also contains a section for the publication of (i) public open datasets available for download in CSV and JSON formats and (ii) authorised-access-only section where the authorised persons can (through an online generated token) safely visualise or download regional datasets with aggregated data at the level of the individual municipalities and regions. The data are also provided to the local open data catalogue (covering only open data on healthcare, provided by the Ministry of Health) and to the National Catalogue of Open Data (covering all open data sets, provided by various authorities/publishers, and harversting all data from local catalogues). The datasets have been published in various authentication regimes and widely used by general public, scientists, public authorities and decision-makers. The total number of API calls since its launch in March 2020 to 15 December 2020 exceeded 13 million. The datasets have been adopted as an official and guaranteed source for outputs of third parties, including public authorities, non-governmental organisations, scientists and online news portals. Datasets currently published as open data meet the 3-star open data requirements, which makes them machine-readable and facilitates their further usage without restrictions. This is essential for making the data more easily understandable and usable for data consumers. In conjunction with the strategy of the MH in the field of data opening, additional datasets meeting the already implemented standards will be also released, both on COVID-19 related and unrelated topics.

Complex Reporting of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic in the Czech Republic: Use of Interactive Web-Based Application in Practice

BACKGROUND: The beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic dates back to December 31, 2019, when first cases were reported in the People's Republic of China. In the Czech Republic, the first three cases of infection with the novel coronavirus were confirmed on March 1, 2020. The joint effort of state authorities and researchers gave rise to a unique team, which combines methodical knowledge of real-world processes with the know-how needed for effective processing, analysis and online visualization of data. OBJECTIVE: Due to an urgent need for a tool which would make it possible to present important reports, and which would be based on valid data sources only, a team of government experts together with researchers focused on the design and development of a web application intended to provide a regularly updated overview of COVID-19 epidemiology in the Czech Republic to the general public. METHODS: The CRISP-DM (CRoss-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining) standardized methodology for knowledge mining from database structures was chosen for the complex solution of analytical processing and visualization of data, which provides validated information on the COVID-19 epidemic across the Czech Republic. Great emphasis was put on the understanding and a correct implementation of all six steps (business understanding, data understanding, data preparation, modelling, evaluation and deployment) needed in the process, including the infrastructure of a nationwide information system, the methodological setting of communication channels between all involved stakeholders, as well as data collection, processing, analysis, validation and visualization. RESULTS: The web-based overview of the current spread of COVID-19 in the Czech Republic has been developed as an online platform providing a set of outputs in the form of tables, graphs and maps intended for the general public. On March 12, 2020, the first version of the web portal, containing fourteen overviews divided into five topical sections, was released. The web portal's primary objective is to publish a well-arranged visualization and clear explanation of basic information consisting of the overall numbers of performed tests, confirmed cases of COVID-19, and COVID-19-related deaths together with the daily and cumulative overviews of COVID-19-positive persons, performed tests, location and country of infection of COVID-19-positive persons, hospitalizations of COVID-19 patients, and distribution of personal protective equipment. CONCLUSIONS: The online interactive overview of the current spread of COVID-19 in the Czech Republic was launched on March 11, 2020, and has immediately become the primary communication channel employed by the health care sector to present the current situation regarding the COVID-19 epidemic. This complex reporting of the coronavirus disease epidemic in the Czech Republic also shows an effective way how to interconnect knowledge held by various specialists, such as regional and national methodology experts, who report positive cases of the disease on a daily basis, with knowledge held by developers of central registries, analysts, developers of web applications and leadership in the health care sector. CLINICALTRIAL: